Next Generation: Teaching Native Plants in the Classroom

By Teri Silver

The future revolves around the present–and what we’re teaching our children in and out of the classroom. Environmental science is a part of that because native plants bring about ecological generations of life.

In Kentucky, teaching about native plants in the classroom is necessary for the future of our environment and the cycle of vegetative life that thrives in the Bluegrass State.

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Update on Kentucky Native Plants Swap Movement

by Anne Milligan

For those unfamiliar with our Kentucky native plants and seeds swap groups, I’d like to first give a brief history of its origins and then provide an update for everyone.

In 2010, my husband Stephen Brown and I moved to a property next to some woods in southeast Jefferson County and proceeded to create a native plants habitat. The project is detailed up to 2021 in our book “Let the Earth Breathe: Gardening with Native Plants”

At the beginning of the project, we could not have imagined the communities that would eventually form around the growing and sharing of native seeds and plants. It has been one of the more profound experiences of our lives. So many members at our gatherings feel as if we are meeting our “tribe” once again. We seem to instantly connect and have so much fun. SO grateful for Facebook’s “Groups” feature, which has allowed us to connect and organize events all over the state. While our goal has always had a single focus, to increase the diversity of Kentucky native plant species throughout our larger Louisville region, the laughter and fun at swap events makes a huge difference in terms of drawing and retaining new “converts” to our cause. I, personally, spent untold hours devoted to creating and guiding an ethos that is not top-heavy, sour in tone, exclusive, or hierarchical in form. I truly believe keeping swap events free of commercial enterprises represents the underlying philosophy of our movement and why so many people are drawn to it and stay with it.

Regarding local native plants nurseries: we have actively advertised their services from the very beginning and, at times, invite them to sell their plants at homeowners’ garden tours. These are not official swaps and are totally at the discretion of individual property owners.

Although I started and guided the Louisville Citywide swap movement in the first few years, I stepped away from that all-consuming role, fully trusting that the emerging regional swap leaders would develop their own unique ways of carrying out our common goal. And they have done just that, and more. In the meantime, I am actively spreading the good news of Kentucky native plants in our own neighborhood, hoisting plants and seeds on neighbors wherever I can.

Below you will find links to some of the most outstanding regional swap groups: Please consider joining some of the groups to keep up with community outreach events and possibly form your own swap group wherever you happen to live. I truly hope you will consider it, if one does not currently exist close by. The diversity of plant species and their pollinators seems to increase exponentially in areas where active native plants swap groups are present. We have definitely seen this in our neighborhoods, where “pollinator corridors” are forming from neighbor to neighbor, neighborhood to neighborhood, neighborhoods to regions, etc. It’s an incredibly meaningful thing to be a part of, so don’t hesitate to dive in wherever and however you can.

Links to some of the groups’ Facebook pages:
Central Louisville (Close to University of Louisville) (A most wise, creative, and welcoming leader in Chelley McMahon).
Fairdale to Bernheim Forest (Thanks to insightful leadership from Kristina Johnson, this group is situated perfectly for creating more woodland/wetlands pollinator corridors with native species).
Southeast to Southwest Louisville (Amazing leadership and much education from Julie Speedy, Tyler Lloyd and others).
Hardin County (Impressive community outreach, including a seed library, by Chris and Dani Everson and others).
Kentuckiana
Bullitt and Nelson Counties
Northeast Louisville (Lyndon area)
Central Louisville (Close to the Louisville Nature Center)

Lastly, to those who felt offended by my rather abrupt closing of the Louisville Citywide swap group, I apologize. Like all my predecessors, I have never been one who shies away from what I truly believe is the correct approach for the greater good, and am accustomed to the resistance my actions seem to draw up when we would rather “nest” than expand. I am so impressed by each of the regional swap leaders who have persevered, continuing to creatively envision a better future for our beautiful indigenous Kentucky landscapes and communities. Let’s keep going!

Anne Milligan
Louisville, Kentucky


Anne Milligan is an artist, singer/musician, and landscape designer. She lives in Louisville, KY with her husband, author and historian Stephen A. Brown.

KNPS 2025 Pollinator Garden Grant Winners!

By Susan Harkins

This photo shows a planting of native flowers.

This year, we were thrilled to receive nearly 30 worthy applications for this $500 garden grant. Picking only five was difficult for the committee: David Taylor, Rachel Cook, Kelly Watson, and Susan Harkins.

These grants are used to establish or expand pollinator gardens for educational outreach. This year’s winners follow, in no particular order.

Friends of Walter Bradley Park

Midway is home to the 28-acre Walter Bradley Park, near downtown Midway in northern Woodford county. This group plans to replace non-natives with natives by establishing a pollinator garden for educational programs. If you’d like to donate further, click the park link in the first line and browse down about halfway to find the donation link.

Friends of Carter Caves

Carter Caves is a Kentucky state park located in Olive Hill. This garden will be used to educate visitors and school groups about the importance of pollinators and Kentucky natives for providing food and habitat for Kentucky wildlife. If you wish to donate, you can use the Contact Us link or call the park directly to get more information.

Sawyer Hayes Community Center

Louisville’s E.P. Tom Sawyer State Park sponsors the Sawyer Hayes Community Center. Their new pollinator garden will offer educational and enrichment opportunities for visitors and educational groups. For information on how to donate to this worthy cause, contact the community center directly.

Wright Elementary School

Shelbyville is the home to the Wright Elementary School Jets. Their new garden is a second-grade project, but will be used by the entire school for many academic endeavors. They have big plans for this garden’s future, including an irrigation system, benches, and even a picnic area. If you’d like to donate, please contact the school directly for more information.

Montgomery County Library

The Montgomery County Library is in Mt. Sterling. This new library has a substantial tract of land, and the library hopes to create a program that is environmentally responsible that can also provide education to the community at large regarding pollinators and Kentucky natives. To donate or volunteer, contact the library directly for more information.

Feel free to help

Gardens, even those with native plants, can be expensive and labor-intensive to establish. If you can help by donating or volunteering, please do.

Looking forward to next year

Next year, we hope to open the application process earlier, so we can get checks sent out earlier. This should be especially helpful to school groups who have limited spring days to work before summer. Please be sure to check the fall issues of The Ladyslipper for exact timing.

Call to Action: KNPS Now Accepting Applications for 2025 Native Plant Pollinator Garden Grant

Volunteers planting the pollinator garden.
Volunteers planting the pollinator garden at EKU’s Science for Sustainable Living Initiative

The Kentucky Native Plant Society (KNPS) is thrilled to open applications for its 2025 Native Plant Pollinator Garden Grant. Grants of $500 will be awarded to several applicants to promote biodiversity and environmental education.

Our mission is to encourage people to establish pollinator gardens. They don’t have to be huge or even aesthetically beautiful for our purposes. They simply need to exist where humans can see them, commune with them, and learn about them.

The grant’s objective

The grant aims to foster the establishment of native plant pollinator gardens, emphasizing not only the ecological benefits but also the educational enrichment they provide. Through these gardens, KNPS seeks to nurture a deeper understanding and appreciation of native plant species and their crucial role in pollination.

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What your gardening friends really want for Christmas

By Susan Harkins and Paula Mullins

It’s that time of year, and you’re in luck if a gardener is on your gift list. If you’re the gardener, send a link to this article to all of you secret Santas!

Passionate gardeners are probably the easiest people to please. If you’re close, you might already know that they’re searching for a specific orchid or drooling over a new set of shiny loppers. On the other hand, if you’re not sure, we can help.

Close to the holidays, you can purchase traditional holiday plants most anywhere. Amaryllis, paperwhites, and holiday cacti will show up everywhere and they’re affordable. They’re not natives, and not all gardeners are keen on house plants; if they don’t have any, skip this suggestion.

Tools are personal, but a gardener can almost always use a new set of good hand pruners, a hori knife, or a good pruning saw. A gardener can never have too many pairs of gardening shears, and they come in all sizes. If your gardening friend tends to lose tools (I know I do), a tool apron might be high on their list. It should have lots of pockets in different widths and lengths to corral they’re favorite hand tools.

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Preparing wildflower seeds using the stratification method

By Susan Harkins

Growing new native wildflowers from seed is inexpensive and satisfying if you really enjoy the hands-on approach. In Kentucky, most native wildflowers require some form of preparation, such as stratification or scarification. In this article, you’ll learn how to stratify your seeds, because it is the most common method required by Kentucky natives. 

Stratification, defined simply, is the act of creating layers. For our purposes, stratification is the process of breaking down a seed’s outer protection so it can germinate. Nature does a great job of this. When seeds drop to the ground, they overwinter in the cold, moist soil. The constant change in temperature and moisture works to grind or dissolve the outer covering. By spring, many of these seeds are ready for the warm spring weather and germination. Many Kentucky natives will reseed year after year without any human intervention. 

If you want more control, you can collect seeds and force the germination in flats, pots, and even milk jugs. But for most of the native seeds you collect, you can’t wait until spring to sow them — they won’t germinate until the next year, if at all.

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Fall Planting Guide: Native Perennials to Plant Before Winter

By Teri Silver

Fall is a good time for planting flowers and greenery because native perennials develop stronger root structures as the weather gets colder. Fortunately, Kentucky is home to many native trees, flowers, herbs, and grasses, that you can add to your garden in the fall. There’s nothing like enjoying nature in the bluegrass state.

When choosing native plants for your landscape or garden, implement integrated pest management strategies to keep your yard and garden from being chewed up by bugs. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an eco-friendly approach to preventing pests in the garden with as little pesticide as possible.  

Kentucky’s native plants include trees, shrubs, and groundcovers, but native perennial flowers do more to add color to your homestead. Here are a few to consider when planting this fall. The following natives, planted in fall, are a great way to add specific colors and more natives to your flower beds.   

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